After two years, the first of nine Xhosa Wars in which British colonialists subdue South Africa’s mighty Xhosa people in an effort that will take a century, ends when British commandos force the Xhosa from their homes west of the Great Fish River. Cape Colony has declared the river its eastern border. When the imiDanga clan refused to move, the British lured Chief Jalamba and his warriors to a “peace conference.” Tobacco was spread over the ground as a “peace offering,” and when the men put down their weapons to collect it, the British opened fire, killing 200, including Chief Jalamba. By next year (1782), Xhosa families will start returning to their homes, setting up the next war. (pic: 18th Century drawing of a Xhosa warrior)

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A remarkably faithful recreation of the real thing in Egypt, “Cairo Street” (pic) is proving one of the most popular attractions at the Exposition Universelle in Paris.

The death of Chief Mkwawa ends a chapter in the resistance against German imperialists in East Africa. The leader of the Hehe people who defeated German forces seeking to conquer his people’s land and then for years led Africa’s first guerilla warfare resistance, in German East Africa (Tanzania), Mkwawa shoots himself rather than be captured when he is finally surrounded by German troops.

The first kindergarten in Nyasaland (Malawi) is opened by Miss Adele Mackenzie. She trains local women to operate other pre-schools in the country.

Morocco’s Archaeological Museum of Tetouan opens, displaying ancient artifacts uncovered in the area by archeologists from the 1930s to the present. The building itself is a work of art.

The U.S. withdraws financial aid that Washington has promised to build Egypt’s Aswan Dam after Egypt establishes diplomatic ties with the U.S.’ Cold War rival the People’s Republic of China. In retaliation, Egyptian President Gamal Nasser (in pic right, with Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev) will strengthen ties with another U.S. rival, the Soviet Union, and nationalise the Suez Canal. This will create the Suez Crisis of 1956 and starting the Second Arab-Israeli War.

The Summer Olympic Games begin in Montreal, Canada, but are boycotted by most African countries because of the participation of New Zealand. Despite an international sports boycott of South Africa due to the country's racist apartheid regime, New Zealand retains sporting links with South Africa. Boycotting are Algeria, Central African Republic, Cameroon, Chad, DRC, Egypt, Ethiopia, Gabon, the Gambia, Ghana, Kenya, Libya, Niger, Nigeria, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Upper Volta (Burkina Faso), and Zambia.

Cameroon’s first president Ahmadou Ahidjo begins his exile in France, while President Paul Biya removes Ahidjo’s supporters from government. On 22 August, Biya will accuse Ahidjo of plotting against him. In 1984, Ahidjo will carry out a violent but failed coup d’état against Biya.

The World Diamond Congress adopts guidelines to identify and stop trade in “Conflict Diamonds” or “Blood Diamonds” that are illegally mined in Democratic Republic of Congo, Sierra Leone and elsewhere. These diamonds are smuggled to finance the activities of insurgencies and terror groups.

Egypt hosts the 32nd edition of the Africa Cup of Nations. This is the first time Africa’s top football championship has 24 national teams playing, up from 16 in previous competitions. Algeria wins its second title, and Rais M’Bolihi is named Best Goalkeeper. The Best Player is Senegal’s Krépin Diatta.